Net-zero energy or zero net energy building, is a building with zero net energy consumption. Meaning that the total amount of energy used by the building on an annual basis is roughly equal to the amount of renewable energy created on the site. For a building to be certified as net-zero, all of its energy needs over a 12-month period must be supplied by on-site renewable energy. The International Living Future Institute does allow an “off-site renewables” exception for buildings that are locating in tight urban areas where solar panels aren’t feasible. In recent years there has been a shift toward achieving NZE buildings, especially in California, Virginia, and Europe. Net-zero projects still represent a fraction of total new construction, but their numbers are on the rise. According to the New Buildings Institute (NBI), which has been tracking net-zero buildings since 2000, there were 332 verified or anticipated net-zero buildings in the United States and Canada at the end of